Key Points Altered Mental Status (AMS) and ECG: In patients presenting with altered mental status, the ECG can be an invaluable tool for uncovering life-threatening underlying causes, including metabolic disturbances,…
Key Points Basic Distinction: SVTs typically have narrow QRS complexes (<120 ms) but may present with wide complexes if aberrantly conducted (e.g., with existing bundle branch block). Clinical Importance: Differentiating…
Key Points ECG are a Critical Tool: ECGs are the most important initial test in evaluating acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The primary goal is to quickly identify patients with acute…
Key Points Prevalence: Up to 40% of inferior STEMIs extend to the right ventricle (RV), though isolated RV infarction is rare. Identifying RV MI is critical due to its unique…
Key Points Ventricular Fibrillation in LVADs: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) in patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) can be rapidly fatal but is often better tolerated initially due to the…
Key Points Early Repolarization (ER): A common ECG finding that can produce widespread ST-segment elevation, often mimicking STEMI or acute pericarditis. ST Segment Morphology: Convex and horizontal ST-segment morphology is…
Key Points Definition: Electrical storm is defined as three or more episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), or appropriate shocks from an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) within 24…
Key Points About Life Saving ECGs: Definition: STAT ECGs refer to emergent electrocardiograms that are critical for the immediate diagnosis and management of a variety of life-threatening conditions. Purpose: The…
Key Points Definition: Ventricular flutter is a rapidly fatal cardiac arrest rhythm, closely related to ventricular fibrillation, requiring immediate defibrillation and high-quality CPR. Characteristics: It is marked by regular, continuous…
Key Points Definition: Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) is a rare and unique form of VT characterized by QRS complexes that alternate in axis and morphology from beat to beat. This…
Key Points Hypothermia and ECG: Severe hypothermia causes distinct ECG changes that can be life-saving if recognized early. These changes reflect the slowing of the heart’s electrical activity as body…
Key Points Definition: Slow ventricular tachycardia (VT) is characterized by a ventricular rate of 100-120 bpm. Distinction: Regular VT typically has a ventricular rate > 120 bpm. Context: Slow VT…
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