Search the red box above to find what you are looking for, or browse our ECG criteria & findings organized alphabetically by diagnosis below:
Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm (AIVR)
Acute Coronary Syndromes
Acute Pericarditis vs. STEMI
Altered Mental Status Emergencies
Appropriate Discordance
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy or Dysplasia (ARVC/ARVD)
Artifact
Artifact vs. STEMI
Ashman Phenomenon
Atrial Fibrillation (Afib)
Atrial Fibrillation with RVR
Atrial Fibrillation with WPW
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Flutter with 1:1 Conduction
Atrial Flutter with 2:1 Conduction
Atrial flutter with Variable Conduction
Atrial septal defects (ASD) & Crochetage Pattern
Atrial Tachycardia
Atrioventricular Blocks (AVB) Summary
AVB: 1st degree
AVB: 2nd degree, "High-grade AV block"
AVB: 2nd degree, 2:1 Conduction
AVB: 2nd degree, Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
AVB: 2nd degree, Mobitz II (Hay)
AVB: 3rd degree, Complete Heart Block
aVR: Left Main or Proximal LAD Occlusion & Multivessel Disease
Axis Basics
Barcelona Criteria
BBBs and Paced Rhythms vs. STEMI
Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia
Bifascicular Block
Blocked Premature Atrial Complexes (PACs)
Bradycardia DDx
Bradycardia-Tachycardia Syndrome
BRASH Syndrome
Brugada Syndrome
Bundle Branch Blocks
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic VT (CPVT)
Clumped or Grouped Beats DDx
Classic STEMI Criteria
de Winter T waves: OMI pattern
Delta waves
Dextrocardia
Digoxin Toxicity
Dysrhythmias in patients with LVADs
Earliest ECG evidence of Occlusion MI
Early Reciprocal Changes
Early Repolarization
Early Repolarization vs. STEMI
ECG evidence of reperfusion after MI
Ectopic Atrial Rhythm
Electrical Alternans
Electrical Storm
Epsilon waves
Extreme Axis Deviation
Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia
Flutter Waves (F waves)
Fusion Beats
Heart Rate & Rhythm Interpretation
Hypercalcemia
Himalayan T waves
Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia Emergencies
Hyperkalemia vs. STEMI
Hypermagnesemia
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Hypocalcemia
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia Emergencies
Hypomagnesemia
Hypothermia
Indeterminate QRS Axis
Inverted U waves
Isoelectric segment of the ECG
Intraventricular Conduction Delay
Irregularly Irregular Rhythms
Ischemia & Infarction
J Point
J waves (Osborn)
Junctional Escape Rhythms
Large T wave DDx
Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE)
LVH vs. STEMI
Left Axis Deviation
Left Bundle Branch Block
Left Posterior Fasicular Block
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
Low Voltage QRS DDx
LV Aneurysm
LV aneurysm vs. STEMI
Massive Pulmonary Embolism
Metabolic Emergencies
Modified Sgarbossa Criteria
Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)
Narrow QRS Bradycardia
Narrow & Regular Tachycardia DDx
Narrow & Irregular Tachycardia DDx
Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Normal Cardiac Conduction
Normal ECG
Normal QRS Axis
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Occlusion MI: STEMI & Beyond
OMI Pattern: Aslanger Pattern
OMI Pattern: Hyperacute T waves
OMI Pattern: STD in V1-V4
OMI Patterns in Left Bundle Branch Block
OMI Patterns in Ventricular Paced Rhythms
OMI Patterns: STEMI (-) Occlusion MI
Osborn Waves
Paced Rhythms
Pediatric ECGs
Pericardial Effusion
Pericardial Tamponade
Pericarditis
Persistent Juvenile T wave Pattern
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Poor R wave Progression
Post-Thrombolytic Reperfusion
Posterior STEMI Criteria
Preexcitation Syndromes
Premature Atrial Complexes (PACs)
Premature Complexes (PACs, PJCs, PVCs)
Premature Junctional Complexes (PJCs)
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs)
Pseudo-Wellens Waves
Pseudonormalization of T waves
Pulmonary Embolism
QRS Axis, Voltage, & Morphology
QRS Complex Duration
QRS Fragmentation
Regular Rhythms
Regularly Irregular Rhythms
Right Atrial Enlargement (RAE)
Right Axis Deviation
RIght Bundle Branch Block
Right Ventricular STEMI Criteria
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)
RV Outflow Tract Tachycardia (RVOT)
Severe Hypothermia
Short QT Syndrome
Sinoatrial Exit Block
Sinus Arrest
Sinus Arrhythmia
Sinus Bradycardia
Sinus Node Dysfunction (Sick Sinus Syndrome)
Sinus Tachycardia
Slow Atrial Fibrillation
Slow Ventricular Tachycardia
Sodium Channel Blocker Toxicity
STEMI Mimics
Subtle ST Elevation
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
T wave Alternans
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy vs. STEMI
Terminal QRS Distortion
Torsades de Pointes
Toxicologic Emergencies
Trifascicular Block
Unstable Bradydysrhythmias
Unstable Tachydysrhythmias
Upright T wave in V1: OMI Pattern
Ventricular Escape Rhythms
Ventricular Fibrillation
Ventricular Flutter
Ventricular Rhythms
Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
VT Mimics
VT vs. SVT with Aberrancy
Wellens Syndrome
Wide QRS Bradydysrhythmia
Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome (WPW)
WPW vs. STEMI
WPW with Antidromic SVT
WPW with Orthodromic SVT
KEY CLINICAL PEARLS:
- Systematic ECG Interpretation: Always approach ECG interpretation systematically, using this guide as a reference to ensure no critical findings are missed.
- Think Beyond the ECG: Remember that ECG findings are just one piece of the puzzle. Integrate them with clinical data for a comprehensive assessment of the patient.
- Continuous Learning: The field of ECG interpretation is dynamic, with new criteria and findings emerging over time. Use this guide as a living document, and stay updated with the latest advancements in cardiac care.
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