refractory ischemia

ECG Tags

• & Myocardial Ischemia
• 11th Annual UMEM ECG Competition
• 12th annual UMEM Residency ECG competition
• 13th annual ECG competition
• 1st degree AV Block
• 1st degree AVB
• 2:1 AV Block
• 2:1 AVB
• 2:1 Conduction
• 2015 ECG Competition
• 2015 ECG Competition Part II
• 2016 ECG Competition
• 2017 ECG Competition Part II
• 2018 ECG Competition Part II
• 2019 ECG Competition
• 2020 ECG Competition
• 2024 ECG Competition
• 2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
• 2025 ACS guidelines
• 3rd degree AV block
• 5 Step Approach
• 5-FU
• aberrancy
• Aberrant conduction
• Abnormal ECG
• Abnormal P wave Axis DDx
• absent p waves
• Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
• accelerated junctional rhythm
• Acidosis
• ACS
• ACS mimics
• ACS RIsk Factors
• Acute Chest Pain
• Acute Chest Pain DDx
• Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)
• Acute MI
• Acute Pericarditis
• Acute Pericarditis vs. STEMI
• Adenosine
• Adenosine sensitive VT
• Advanced AV block
• Afib
• Afib with WPW
• AI
• AI interpreted ECGs
• AIVR
• Algorithm Limitations
• Altered Mental Status Emergencies
• AMI
• Amiodarone
• and Lead II R-wave-peak-time (RWPT) algorithms
• Anemia
• anemia in ACS
• Anterior STEMI
• Anterior T wave inversions
• antidromic
• antidromic SVT
• Aortic Dissection
• Approach to ECG
• Approach to ECG interpretation
• Appropriate Discordance
• April Fools
• arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy
• Arrhythmogenic RV Dysplasia
• Artifact
• artifact vs. malignant arrhythmias
• artifact vs. torsades
• artifact vs. ventricular fibrillation
• Artifact vs. ventricular rhythm
• artifact vs. ventricular tachycardia
• Artificial Intelligence
• ARVC
• ARVD
• ASD
• Ashman
• Ashman phenomenon
• Aslanger
• Aslanger Pattern
• Aslanger's Pattern
• Atherosclerosis
• Athlete’s ECG
• atrial arrhythmias
• atrial bigeminy
• Atrial dysrhythmias
• Atrial fibrillation
• Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)
• atrial fibrillation with complete heart block
• Atrial Fibrillation with RVR
• Atrial Fibrillation with SVT
• Atrial Fibrillation with WPW
• Atrial flitter
• Atrial flutter
• Atrial Flutter 1:1 Conduction
• atrial flutter 2:!
• atrial flutter 2:1 conduction
• atrial flutter mimics
• Atrial Flutter with Variable Conduction
• Atrial parasystole
• Atrial septal defect
• Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) & Crochetage Pattern
• Atrial tachycardia
• Atrifact
• Atrioventricular blocks
• Atrioventricular Blocks (AVB) Summary
• Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
• Atrioventricular Reciprocating Tachycardia
• Attending Level Curriculum
• AV Block
• AV Block: Second-Degree
• AV Blocks
• AV Dissociation
• AV dissociation without complete heart block
• AVB
• AVB: 1st degree
• AVB: 2nd degree
• AVD
• aVL
• AVNRT
• aVR
• Axis
• axis basics
• Barcelona criteria
• Basics
• basics and fundamentals
• Bayesian
• Bazett formula
• BBB
• BBBs & Paced Rhythms vs. STEMI
• Benign early repolarization
• BER
• Beta-Blocker (BB) and Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) Toxicity
• bidirectional ventricular tachycardia
• bifascicular block
• bifid p waves
• bigeminy
• Biphasic T-waves
• Bix rule
• Bizzare rhythm
• Blocked PAC’s
• Board review
• bpm
• brady
• brady tachy syndrome
• bradyarrhythmia
• Bradycardia
• Bradycardia DDx
• BRASH syndrome
• Brs
• Brugada
• Brugada Pattern
• Brugada Sign
• Brugada syndrome
• Brugada Syndrome (BrS)
• Buried P Waves
• Buried T wave
• CAD
• cannabis
• cannabis toxicity
• Cardiac arrest
• cardiac risk factors
• Cardiac tamponade
• cardiogenic shock
• Cardiovascular effects of marijuana
• Cardioversion
• Catecholaminergic Polymorphic VT (CPVT)
• CCB toxicity
• Cerebral T waves
• CHB
• Chemotherapy
• Chest Pain
• chest pain differentials
• child
• child ecg
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Classic STEMI Criteria
• clumped beats
• Clumped or Grouped Beats
• cocaine
• cocaine chest pain
• Cocaine toxicity
• Complete Heart Block
• Computer ECG interpretation
• Computer interpreted ECGs
• Computer interpreted electrocardiograms
• congenital long QT syndrome
• congenital short QT syndrome
• COPD
• coronary angiography
• Corrected QT interval
• COVID-19
• Crochetage
• Crochetage pattern
• ddx
• DDx for TWIs in V1-V3
• de Winter
• de Winter T-wave
• de Winter T-waves
• defibrillation
• Delta waves
• deWinter
• deWinter T-waves
• Dextrocardia
• differential diagnoses
• differential diagnoses for left axis deviation
• Diffuse ST elevation
• Diffuse ST Elevation DDx
• Diffuse ST-segment Elevation
• Diffuse STE
• dig effect
• digoxin
• Digoxin effect
• Digoxin toxicity
• DKA
• Dominant R wave
• Dominant R wave in aVR
• Dominant R wave in V1
• dresslers
• dresslers syndrome
• Dysrhythmia
• Dysrhythmia in LVADs
• Dysrhythmias
• Earliest ECG Evidence of Occlusion MI
• Early cardiac ischemia
• Early ECG evidence of ischemia
• Early ischemia
• Early ischemic changes
• Early reciprocal changes
• Early Repolarization
• early repolarization vs/ STEMI
• early signs of cardiac ischemia
• early signs of ischemia
• Early STEMI
• ecg 101
• ECG Basics
• ECG competition
• ECG Competition 2023
• ECG Evidence of Reperfusion After Occlusion
• ecg history
• ECG in ACS
• ECG interruptions
• Ectopic atrial rhythm
• Ectopic beats
• electrical alternans
• Electrical storm
• Electrocardiographic polyuria
• Electrographic polyuria
• Electrolytes
• Elevated intracranial pressure
• Emergent cath lab activation
• EMS
• EMS cases
• EMS ECG
• EMS ECGs
• EMS ECGs in Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)
• Epsilon waves
• escape rhythm
• escape rhythms
• Escape-Capture
• Escape-Capture Bigeminy
• evolution of ecg
• Evolving STEMI
• extreme axis deviation
• failure to capture
• failure to pace
• failure to sense
• Fascicular blocks
• fever
• First-Degree AV Block
• Flattened T Waves
• Flutter Waves (F waves)
• Foundational Resident
• Framingham formula
• Fridericia formula
• Fusion Beats
• generic PMVT
• GERD
• Griffith
• grouped beats
• Guidelines
• HCM
• Heart block
• heart rate
• heart rate and rhythm basics
• heart rate basics
• heart rhythm
• heart rhythm interpretation
• High grade AV block
• high grade AV blocks
• high lateral STEMI
• high left ventricular voltages and 'dagger like' Q waves
• high risk pe
• High Voltage
• High-Grade (Advanced AV Block)
• high-risk pulmonary embolism
• Himalayan T-waves
• history of ecg
• History of presenting illness
• HOCM
• Hodges formula
• Hypeacute T waves
• hyperacute
• Hyperacute T-waves
• Hypercalcemia
• Hyperkalemia
• Hyperkalemia emergencies
• hyperkalemia mimics
• Hyperkalemia vs. STEMI
• Hyperkalemia vs. VT
• Hyperkalemic paralysis
• Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis
• Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (“Impressive Syndrome”)
• Hypermagnesemia
• Hypertrophic
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
• Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
• Hypocalcemia
• Hypokalemia
• hypokalemia emergencies
• Hypokalemic paralysis
• hypokalemic periodic paralysis
• Hypomagnesemia
• hyponatremia
• Hypothermia
• Idioventricular rhythms
• Impressive syndrome
• in-training exam
• inappropriate sinus tachycardia
• incomplete right bundle branch block
• indeterminate axis
• indeterminate QRS axis
• inferior STEMI
• inservice exam
• intermittent
• Intermittent WPW
• intervals
• Intracranial hemorrhage
• Intractable chest pain
• inverted P Waves
• Inverted T Waves
• Inverted U-waves
• IRBBB
• Irregular rhythm
• irregular rhythms
• Ischemia
• Ischemia & Infarction
• Ischemic T-waves
• Isoelectric baseline
• Isoelectric segment
• Isoelectric Segment of the ECG
• Isolated Posterior STEMI
• Isorhythmic AV dissociation
• Isorhythmic AVD
• ITE prep
• ITE review
• J point
• J wave
• J-waves
• Jervell
• Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
• JLNS
• Josephson Sign
• Josephson’s sign
• junctional escape capture bigeminy
• junctional escape rhythms
• junctional rhythm
• Junctional rhythms
• Junctional Tachycardia
• Juvenile T wave inversions
• Juvenile T waves
• Juvenile T-wave pattern
• kid
• kid ecg
• kids
• killer differentials
• LAD
• LAD OMI
• LAE
• LAFB
• Lange
• Large T Wave DDx
• Large T-waves
• LBBB
• LBBB DDx
• lead misplacement
• lead V1
• left anterior fascicular block
• Left Atrial Enlargement
• Left axis deviation
• left axis deviation ddx
• left bundle branch block
• left posterior fascicular block
• Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
• Left ventricular hypertrophy vs. STEMI
• lewis
• Lewis lead
• LGL
• life savers
• limb lead misplacement
• Limb lead reversal
• Literature review
• Long QT
• Long QT Interval DDx
• Long QT-interval
• Long QTc
• long ST segment
• Low Voltage
• low voltage differential
• Low voltage QRS
• Low Voltage QRS DDx
• LPFB
• LQT1 (KCNQ1 Mutation)
• LQT2 (KCNH2 Mutation)
• LQT3 (SCN5A Mutation)
• LQTS
• LV Aneurysm
• LV Aneurysm vs. STEMI
• LVAD
• LVAD Dysrhythmias
• LVADs
• LVH
• LVH vs. STEMI
• LVH with strain pattern
• Lyme carditis
• Marijuana
• marijuana toxicity
• Massive STEMI
• MAT
• Mechanisms of ACS
• Metabolic Emergencies
• Methamphetamine Toxicity
• MI
• mimics
• misplaced leads
• Mobitz
• Mobitz conduction
• Mobitz I
• Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
• Mobitz II
• Mobitz II (Hay)
• Mobitz II AV block
• modified lead
• Modified Sgarbossa criteria
• Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
• monomorphic VT
• Multifocal atrial tachycardia
• Myocarditis
• Myxedema
• Na channel blocker toxicity
• narrow & irregular tachycardia
• narrow & regular tachycardia
• Narrow complex and regular rhythms
• Narrow complex irregular rhythms
• Narrow complex irregular tachycardia
• Narrow Complex Regular Tachycardia
• narrow complex regular tachycardia differential
• Narrow Complex Tachycardia
• narrow qrs bradycardia
• Narrow QRS Bradycardia DDx
• New Q Waves
• New RBBB and LAFB
• Nielsen
• Nikelekam T-waves
• No clear P waves DDx
• Non-conducted P wave (P:QRS>1) DDx
• non-conducted PACs
• Non-STE ACS
• Non-sustained Ventricular tachycardia
• Non-sustained VT
• Nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay
• nonsustained
• nonsustained ventricular tachycardia
• Nonsustained VT
• normal
• Normal Cardiac Conduction
• Normal ECG
• normal heart rate
• Normal Heart Rate Ranges by Age
• normal lead placement
• normal qrs axis
• Normal R wave progression
• Normal Sinus Rhythm
• Normal STAT ECG
• Normal variant patterns
• normal variant ST elevation
• Normal variants
• Not Enough P Waves (P:QRS < 1) DDx
• Not normal ecg
• NSVT
• Occlusion MI
• Occlusion MI - STEMI Criteria & Beyond
• Occlusion MI patterns
• OMI
• OMI pa
• OMI Pattern
• OMI Pattern: ST Depression V1-V4
• OMI Patterns in Left Bundle Branch Block
• OMI Patterns in Ventricular Paced Rhythms
• OMI Patterns: STEMI (-) Occlusion MI
• Opiate Toxicity
• orthodromic
• orthodromic SVT
• Osborn waves
• overdose
• p mitrale
• p pulmonale
• p waves
• P.E.
• PAC
• PAC’s
• Paced rhythms
• Pacemaker
• Pacemaker emergencies
• pacemaker malfunction
• Pacer
• palpitations
• Pauses and clumped beats
• PE
• PE vs. STEMI
• peaked P waves
• Pediatric ECG
• Pediatric ECG Interval Table
• Pediatrics
• Pericardial effusion
• Pericardial Tamponade
• Pericarditis
• pericarditis vs acs
• Pericarditis vs. STEMI
• Periodic paralysis
• Persistent juvenile T-wave pattern
• PFO
• PGY-2 (Intermediate) Resident Curriculum
• PGY-3 (Advanced) Resident Curriculum
• PGY1 Curriculum
• PJC
• PJCs
• PJTW
• plaque rupture
• plaque vulnerability
• PMVT
• Pokey T wave
• Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
• Polymorphic VT
• Polyuria
• Poor R-wave progression
• post arrest ECG
• post cardiac arrest ECGs
• post-arrest
• Post-Arrest ECG for Dysrhythmias
• Post-Arrest ECG for Ischemia
• Post-arrest NSTE-ACS
• Post-arrest STEMI
• post-cardiac arrest ecg
• post-mi pericarditis
• Post-Thrombolytic Reperfusion ECG Findings
• Posterior MI
• Posterior Occlusion MI
• POSTERIOR OMI
• Posterior STEMI
• Posterior STEMI Criteria
• postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
• Potpourri
• POTS
• PR interval
• PR segment
• PR segments
• Pre-hospital ECG
• precordial lead misplacement
• precordial swirl
• preexcitation
• preexcitation syndrome
• Preexcitation syndromes
• preexcited af
• preexcited atrial fibrillation
• Pregnancy
• Prehospital ECG
• premature atrial complexes
• Premature beats
• Premature complexes
• premature contractions
• premature junctional complexes
• Prolonged QT
• Prolonged QT interval
• prolonged QTc
• Proper ECG Lead Placement
• proper lead placement
• proportionality
• PRWP
• Pseudo Wellens
• Pseudo-Wellens waves
• Pseudonormalization of T-waves
• Pulmonary Embolism
• pulmonary hypertension
• Pulse tapping artifact
• pulse-tapping
• PVC
• PVCs
• PVT
• Q-waves
• QRS
• QRS axis
• qrs axis basics
• QRS Complexes
• QRS fragmentation
• QRS Fragmentation (fQRS)
• QRS morphology
• qrs voltage
• QRS-interval
• QRS-T proportionality
• QT interval
• QT Interval Basics
• QTc interval
• R wave basics
• R waves
• R-on-T phenomenon
• R-wave
• R-wave in V1
• R-wave progression
• RAD
• RAE
• rapid af
• rapid afib
• rapid atrial fibrillation
• rate & rhythm
• RBBB
• Really wide complex tachycardia
• reciprocal changes
• Recommended ECG Books
• Reflux
• refractory ischemia
• Regular Really Wide Complex Tachycardia
• Regular Rhythm
• Regular Wide Complex Tachycardia
• Regularized atrial fibrillation
• Regularly Irregular Rhythm
• repolarization abnormalities
• Rescue PCI
• Resolved ST segment elevation
• Resources & Recommendations
• Respiratory variation
• Retrograde P waves
• Reverse R wave progression
• Revised Sgarbossa Criteria
• Rhythm
• Rhythm Interpretation
• right atrial enlargement
• Right axis
• Right Axis Deviation
• Right Axis Deviation DDx
• Right bundle branch block
• right heart strain
• Right sided leads
• Right Ventricular (RV) STEMI Criteria
• Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
• Rightward axis
• rollercoaster T waves
• RRWCT
• RV MI
• RV Outflow Tract Tachycardia (RVOT)
• RV STEMI
• rvh
• RVH with strain
• RVMI
• RWCT
• S wave
• S waves
• s5
• SAH
• Salvador Dali
• SANRT
• SCAD
• second degree av block
• Second-Degree AV Block Type I (Mobitz I / Wenckebach)
• Second-Degree AV Block Type II (Mobitz II)
• Second-Degree AV Block with 2:1 Conduction
• segments
• Seizure
• Seizures
• Septal STEMI
• Serial ECG
• Serial ECGs
• Severe Hyperkalemia
• Severe hypothyroidism
• Sgarbossa
• Sgarbossa Criteria
• Shark fin morphology
• Shark fin STEMI
• Short PR interval
• Short QT
• Short QT interval
• Short QT Syndrome
• Short QTc
• Shortened QT
• SHS
• sick sinus syndrome
• Sinoatrial Exit Block
• Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
• Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia (SANRT)
• Sinus arrest
• sinus arrhythmia
• sinus bradycardia
• sinus inversus totalis
• Sinus Node Dysfunction
• Sinus Node Dysfunction (Sick Sinus Syndrome
• sinus rhythm
• Sinus rhythms
• Sinus Tachycardia
• situs inversus
• situs inversus totalis
• Sloof Lirpa Sign
• Slow Atrial fibrillation
• slow ventricular tachycardia
• slow vt
• Sodium channel blocker toxicity
• South Africa
• South Africa sign
• South African
• South African Flag Sign
• spiked
• Spiked Helmet sign
• spiked-helmet
• Spodick Sign
• Spodick’s Sign
• Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection
• Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD)
• ST
• ST depression
• ST depression differential
• ST Depression in V1-V4 DDx
• ST depression V1-V4
• ST Elevation
• ST Elevation DDx
• ST Elevation in aVR DDx
• ST segment elevation
• ST Segment Elevation in aVR with Multi Lead ST Segment Depression
• ST-segment
• ST-segment depression
• stat
• stat ecg
• stat ecgs
• STD
• STE
• STE differential diagnosis
• STE in aVR
• steeple sign
• Steeple sign in V1
• STEMI
• STEMI Criteria
• STEMI Criteria & STEMI Equivalent Patterns
• STEMI equivalent
• STEMI equivalents
• STEMI mimics
• STEMI vs. acute pericarditis
• STEMI vs. Early repolarization
• STEMI vs. Severe Hyperkalemia
• stepwise approach
• strain
• Stress Testing
• Stress tests
• Student Level Curriculum
• Subtle ST elevation
• Subtle ST Segment Elevation (STE)
• subtle stemi
• Supraventricular tachycardia
• Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
• Sustained VT
• SVT
• synchronization
• Syncop
• Syncope
• syncope ddx
• syncope differentials
• syncope emergencies
• Systematic approach to ECG
• T wave
• T wave inversion differential
• T Wave Inversion in V1-V3 DDx
• T wave inversions in V1-V3
• T wave morphology
• T-wave abnormalities
• T-wave alternans
• T-wave inversion
• T-wave inversions
• T-waves
• Tachycardia
• Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
• Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy vs. STEMI
• Tall R wave in aVR
• Tall R wave in V1
• Tamponade
• TCA
• TCA overdose
• TCA toxicity
• TdP
• Terminal QRS distortion
• Terminal QRS Distortion (OMI Pattern)
• the basics
• The Bix Rule
• The Bix Rule – Unmasking Atrial Flutter
• The Curriculum
• third degree AV block
• Third-Degree AV Block (Complete Heart Block)
• Thrombolytics
• too many P waves
• Top 10 cases of the past 10 years
• Torsades
• Torsades de pointes
• Torsades de Pointes risk
• torsades de points
• Toxicologic Emergencies
• Toxicology
• TP segment
• Transient STEMI
• Tremor artifact
• trifascicular block
• Trigeminy
• Troponin
• troponins
• TWI
• Type A Wellens
• Type B Wellens
• U-waves
• Understanding ECG Artifacts
• unifascicular
• unstable angina
• unstable bradycardia
• unstable tachyarrhythmia
• unstable tachycardia
• Upright T waves in V1
• urgent cath
• V1
• v1-v2 placed too high
• V1/V2
• vasospasm
• Ventricular aneurysm
• Ventricular dysrhythmias
• ventricular escape rhythms
• Ventricular fibrillation
• ventricular fibrillation mimics
• Ventricular Flutter
• Ventricular rhythm
• Ventricular rhythms
• Ventricular Tachycardia
• Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
• Ventricular tachycardia mimics
• Ventricular tachycardia vs. SVT with aberrant conduction
• Ventricular Tachycardiak
• Vereckei aVR
• VF
• voltage
• VT
• VT mimics
• VT vs. SVT with Aberrancy
• w Voltage
• waveforms
• waves
• WCT
• Wellens
• Wellens waves
• Wellens’ syndrome
• Wide & Regular Tachydysrhythmia DDx
• wide complex irregular tachycardia
• Wide complex QRS
• wide complex regular tachycardia
• Wide complex tachycardia
• Wide QRS
• Wide QRS (BBBs & Paced Rhythms) vs. STEMI
• wide qrs bradycardia
• Wide QRS Complex DDx
• wide qrs differential
• Wide QRS interval
• wide vs. narrow QRS
• Wolff Parkinson White
• Wolff-Parkinson White (WPW) Syndrome
• WPW
• wpw syndrome
• WPW syndrome and Pseudo-MI patterns
• WPW vs STEMI
• WPW with Antidromic SVT
• WPW with atrial fibrillation
• WPW with Orthodromic SVT
• WPW with SVT
• Young patients