Pulmonary Embolism
Results:
When ST Elevation Isn’t What It Seems
A 30-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) presents to the emergency department with acute chest pain and shortness of…
High-Risk Pulmonary Embolism
Key Points High-Risk PE: High-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate recognition and treatment. The ECG can provide early, life-saving clues in the diagnosis of high-risk PE. Critical…
Recent UMMC Cases
A 67 -year-old man presents to a busy emergency department with acute chest pain and shortness of breath. The following ECG is obtained, but he leaves without being seen because…
Interesting Cases from UMMC, Part II
A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency department with acute chest pain and shortness of breath. The following ECG is obtained:
2024 EM Boards ECG Review Part I
A 61-year-old man with a history of atrial fibrillation presents to ABEM general hospital with lightheadedness and palpitations. He is tachycardic but otherwise has normal vital signs. The following ECG…
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Key Points ECG Findings in PE: No single ECG pattern is diagnostic of acute PE, and ECG findings are typically nonspecific. However, certain ECG patterns, especially those indicating right heart…
STAT ECG Diagnoses: recognition of life threatening ECG patterns before sudden cardiac arrest
A 73-year-old woman with past medical history of diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation is brought to the emergency department for mild hematemesis. The following ECG is obtained, and the patient…
Differential Diagnoses: killer causes of T wave inversions that you gotta know!
A 48-year-old man presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. The following ECG is obtained on arrival:
Bradydysrhythmia: Does this patient need a permanent pacemaker?
A 63-year-old man presents to the emergency department with lightheadedness. He is noted to be bradycardic on arrival. The following ECG is obtained:
STAT ECG Diagnoses: the differentials to consider when dealing with ST segment elevation and an impressive syndrome
A 61-year-old woman presents the ED for evaluation of a possible acute stroke. She woke up unable to walk due to bilateral lower extremity weakness and is now also feeling…
Potpourri of cases: the most common ECG findings in pulmonary embolism, electrical alternans, and so much more!
A 72-year-old woman presents the ED with atypical chest pain. She is found to be mildly tachycardic. The following ECG is obtained:
Differential Diagnoses: the many causes of ST segment elevation
A 69-year-old woman presents to the ED with chest pain and shortness of breath. The following ECG is obtained:
STAT ECG Diagnoses: a patient transferred for suspected STEMI, what other etiologies could be causing this ST segment elevation?
A 24-year-old male with past medical history of paraplegia from severe multiple sclerosis is transferred from a nursing home for suspected STEMI. Transfer documentation reports a history of pleuritic chest…
2019 ECG Competition Answers (Part 2/3)
This week we review the answers to questions 7-11, & 13 from the 7th Annual UMEM Residency ECG Competition. Make sure to attempt to answer the questions before clicking the red…
EMS ECGs: S1Q3T3, is it pathognomonic for acute pulmonary embolism
A 63-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with palpitations. The following ECG was obtained by EMS prior to arrival:
Differential Diagnoses: when STEMIs can present with right axis deviation
HPI: A 57-year-old with PMHx of HTN and cigarette smoking presents to the ED with chest pain and dyspnea. The following ECG is obtained: Case ECG Before watching this week’s…
Differential Diagnoses: considerations in patients with right axis deviation (RAD) and T wave inversions
HPI: An 86-year-old male with PMHx of MI, HTN, HLD, COPD, and CVA presents with abrupt onset chest pain, dyspnea, and nausea. Pain started a few hours ago, is non-radiating,…
Literature Review: aVR – The forgotten 12th lead
A 55-year-old man with PMHx of end stage renal disease on dialysis presents to the ED for fatigue and pain all over. He denies ischemic chest pain. The following ECG…
Literature Review: ECG findings in PE associated with hemodynamic instability and increased morbidity and mortality
An 80-year-old man is brought to the ED by EMS for chest pain and dyspnea. He is found to be tachypneic, tachycardic, hypoxic, with a blood pressure of 105/50. The…
2017 ECG Competition Answers (Part 2/2)
This week we review the answers to questions 7-14 from the 5th annual UMEM Residency ECG Competition. Make sure to attempt to answer the questions before clicking the red box…
ECG Tags
- & Myocardial Ischemia
- 11th Annual UMEM ECG Competition
- 12th annual UMEM Residency ECG competition
- 1st degree AV Block
- 1st degree AVB
- 2:1 AV Block
- 2:1 AVB
- 2:1 Conduction
- 2015 ECG Competition
- 2015 ECG Competition Part II
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- 2017 ECG Competition Part II
- 2018 ECG Competition Part II
- 2019 ECG Competition
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- 3rd degree AV block
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- aberrancy
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- Acidosis
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- Atrial flitter
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- Atrial parasystole
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- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) & Crochetage Pattern
- Atrial tachycardia
- Atrifact
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- Atrioventricular Blocks (AVB) Summary
- Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
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- AV Block
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- AVB
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- AVD
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- Axis
- axis basics
- Barcelona criteria
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- basics and fundamentals
- BBB
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- Board review
- bpm
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- cannabis
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- Cardioversion
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- Cocaine toxicity
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- Computer ECG interpretation
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- congenital long QT syndrome
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- coronary angiography
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- Crochetage
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- ddx
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- Delta waves
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- Dextrocardia
- differential diagnoses
- differential diagnoses for left axis deviation
- Diffuse ST elevation
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- digoxin
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- Dominant R wave
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- Dysrhythmia
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- Dysrhythmias
- Earliest ECG Evidence of Occlusion MI
- Early cardiac ischemia
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- Early ischemia
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- Early Repolarization
- early repolarization vs/ STEMI
- early signs of cardiac ischemia
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- ecg 101
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- ECG competition
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- ecg history
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- electrical alternans
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- Electrolytes
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- EMS
- EMS cases
- Epsilon waves
- escape rhythm
- evolution of ecg
- Evolving STEMI
- extreme axis deviation
- Fascicular blocks
- fever
- Flattened T Waves
- Flutter Waves (F waves)
- Fusion Beats
- GERD
- grouped beats
- Guidelines
- Heart block
- heart rate
- heart rate and rhythm basics
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- heart rhythm
- heart rhythm interpretation
- High grade AV block
- high grade AV blocks
- high lateral STEMI
- high risk pe
- High Voltage
- high-risk pulmonary embolism
- Himalayan T-waves
- history of ecg
- History of presenting illness
- HOCM
- Hypeacute T waves
- Hyperacute T-waves
- Hypercalcemia
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- hyperkalemia mimics
- Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
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- Hypocalcemia
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- hyponatremia
- Hypothermia
- Idioventricular rhythms
- Impressive syndrome
- inappropriate sinus tachycardia
- incomplete right bundle branch block
- indeterminate axis
- indeterminate QRS axis
- inferior STEMI
- intermittent
- Intermittent WPW
- intervals
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Intractable chest pain
- inverted P Waves
- Inverted T Waves
- Inverted U-waves
- IRBBB
- Irregular rhythm
- irregular rhythms
- Ischemia
- Ischemic T-waves
- Isoelectric baseline
- Isoelectric segment
- Isoelectric Segment of the ECG
- Isolated Posterior STEMI
- Isorhythmic AV dissociation
- Isorhythmic AVD
- J point
- J wave
- J-waves
- Jervell
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
- JLNS
- junctional escape rhythms
- junctional rhythm
- Junctional rhythms
- Junctional Tachycardia
- Juvenile T wave inversions
- Juvenile T-wave pattern
- killer differentials
- LAD
- LAFB
- Lange
- Large T Wave DDx
- Large T-waves
- LBBB
- LBBB DDx
- lead misplacement
- lead V1
- left anterior fascicular block
- Left axis deviation
- left axis deviation ddx
- left bundle branch block
- left posterior fascicular block
- Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
- Lewis lead
- LGL
- life savers
- limb lead misplacement
- Limb lead reversal
- Literature review
- Long QT
- Long QT Interval DDx
- Long QT-interval
- Long QTc
- long ST segment
- Low Voltage
- Low voltage QRS
- Low Voltage QRS DDx
- LPFB
- LQT1 (KCNQ1 Mutation)
- LQT2 (KCNH2 Mutation)
- LQT3 (SCN5A Mutation)
- LQTS
- LV Aneurysm
- LV Aneurysm vs. STEMI
- LVAD
- LVAD Dysrhythmias
- LVADs
- LVH
- LVH vs. STEMI
- LVH with strain pattern
- Lyme carditis
- Marijuana
- Massive STEMI
- MAT
- Mechanisms of ACS
- Metabolic Emergencies
- MI
- mimics
- misplaced leads
- Mobitz
- Mobitz conduction
- Mobitz I
- Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
- Mobitz II
- Mobitz II (Hay)
- Mobitz II AV block
- Modified Sgarbossa criteria
- Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
- monomorphic VT
- Multifocal atrial tachycardia
- Myocarditis
- Myxedema
- Na channel blocker toxicity
- narrow & irregular tachycardia
- narrow & regular tachycardia
- Narrow complex and regular rhythms
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- Narrow complex irregular tachycardia
- Narrow Complex Regular Tachycardia
- Narrow Complex Tachycardia
- narrow qrs bradycardia
- Nielsen
- Nikelekam T-waves
- No clear P waves DDx
- Non-conducted P wave (P:QRS>1) DDx
- non-conducted PACs
- Non-STE ACS
- Non-sustained Ventricular tachycardia
- Non-sustained VT
- Nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay
- nonsustained ventricular tachycardia
- Nonsustained VT
- normal
- Normal Cardiac Conduction
- Normal ECG
- normal heart rate
- Normal Heart Rate Ranges by Age
- normal lead placement
- normal qrs axis
- Normal R wave progression
- Normal Sinus Rhythm
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- Normal variant patterns
- normal variant ST elevation
- Normal variants
- Not Enough P Waves (P:QRS < 1) DDx
- Not normal ecg
- NSVT
- Occlusion MI
- OMI
- OMI Pattern
- OMI Pattern: ST Depression V1-V4
- OMI Patterns in Left Bundle Branch Block
- OMI Patterns in Ventricular Paced Rhythms
- OMI Patterns: STEMI (-) Occlusion MI
- orthodromic
- orthodromic SVT
- Osborn waves
- overdose
- p mitrale
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- PAC
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- palpitations
- Pauses and clumped beats
- PE
- PE vs. STEMI
- peaked P waves
- Pediatric ECG
- Pediatric ECG Interval Table
- Pediatrics
- Pericardial effusion
- Pericardial Tamponade
- Pericarditis
- Pericarditis vs. STEMI
- Periodic paralysis
- Persistent juvenile T-wave pattern
- PFO
- PJC
- plaque rupture
- plaque vulnerability
- Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
- Polymorphic VT
- Polyuria
- Poor R-wave progression
- post arrest ECG
- post cardiac arrest ECGs
- post-arrest
- Post-arrest NSTE-ACS
- Post-arrest STEMI
- post-cardiac arrest ecg
- Post-Thrombolytic Reperfusion ECG Findings
- Posterior MI
- Posterior STEMI
- Posterior STEMI Criteria
- postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
- Potpourri
- POTS
- PR interval
- PR segment
- PR segments
- Pre-hospital ECG
- precordial lead misplacement
- preexcitation
- preexcitation syndrome
- Preexcitation syndromes
- preexcited af
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- Pregnancy
- Prehospital ECG
- premature atrial complexes
- Premature beats
- Premature complexes
- premature contractions
- premature junctional complexes
- Prolonged QT
- Prolonged QT interval
- prolonged QTc
- proper lead placement
- proportionality
- PRWP
- Pseudo Wellens
- Pseudo-Wellens waves
- Pseudonormalization of T-waves
- Pulmonary Embolism
- pulmonary hypertension
- PVC
- PVCs
- PVT
- Q-waves
- QRS
- QRS axis
- qrs axis basics
- QRS Complexes
- QRS fragmentation
- QRS Fragmentation (fQRS)
- QRS morphology
- qrs voltage
- QRS-interval
- QRS-T proportionality
- R wave basics
- R waves
- R-on-T phenomenon
- R-wave
- R-wave in V1
- R-wave progression
- RAD
- rapid af
- rapid afib
- rapid atrial fibrillation
- rate & rhythm
- RBBB
- Really wide complex tachycardia
- reciprocal changes
- Reflux
- Regular Really Wide Complex Tachycardia
- Regular Rhythm
- Regular Wide Complex Tachycardia
- Regularized atrial fibrillation
- repolarization abnormalities
- Rescue PCI
- Resolved ST segment elevation
- Resources & Recommendations
- Respiratory variation
- Retrograde P waves
- Reverse R wave progression
- Revised Sgarbossa Criteria
- Rhythm
- Rhythm Interpretation
- right atrial enlargement
- Right axis
- Right Axis Deviation
- Right Axis Deviation DDx
- Right bundle branch block
- right heart strain
- Right sided leads
- Right Ventricular (RV) STEMI Criteria
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Rightward axis
- rollercoaster T waves
- RRWCT
- RV MI
- RV Outflow Tract Tachycardia (RVOT)
- RV STEMI
- rvh
- RVMI
- RWCT
- S wave
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- SAH
- Salvador Dali
- SANRT
- segments
- Seizure
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- Septal STEMI
- Serial ECG
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- Severe hypothyroidism
- Sgarbossa
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- Shark fin morphology
- Shark fin STEMI
- Short PR interval
- Short QT
- Short QT interval
- Short QT Syndrome
- Short QTc
- sick sinus syndrome
- Sinoatrial Exit Block
- Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
- Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia (SANRT)
- Sinus arrest
- sinus arrhythmia
- sinus bradycardia
- sinus inversus totalis
- Sinus Node Dysfunction
- sinus rhythm
- Sinus rhythms
- Sinus Tachycardia
- situs inversus
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- Sloof Lirpa Sign
- Slow Atrial fibrillation
- slow ventricular tachycardia
- slow vt
- Sodium channel blocker toxicity
- South Africa sign
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- Spodick Sign
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- ST
- ST depression
- ST depression V1-V4
- ST Elevation
- ST Elevation DDx
- ST Elevation in aVR DDx
- ST segment elevation
- ST Segment Elevation in aVR with Multi Lead ST Segment Depression
- ST-segment
- ST-segment depression
- stat
- stat ecg
- stat ecgs
- STD
- STE
- STE in aVR
- STEMI
- STEMI Criteria
- STEMI equivalent
- STEMI equivalents
- STEMI mimics
- STEMI vs. acute pericarditis
- STEMI vs. Early repolarization
- stepwise approach
- strain
- Stress Testing
- Stress tests
- Subtle ST Segment Elevation (STE)
- Supraventricular tachycardia
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
- Sustained VT
- SVT
- Syncop
- Syncope
- syncope ddx
- syncope emergencies
- Systematic approach to ECG
- T wave inversion differential
- T Wave Inversion in V1-V3 DDx
- T wave morphology
- T-wave abnormalities
- T-wave alternans
- T-wave inversion
- T-wave inversions
- T-waves
- Tachycardia
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy vs. STEMI
- Tall R wave in aVR
- Tall R wave in V1
- Tamponade
- TCA
- TCA overdose
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- Terminal QRS distortion
- the basics
- Thrombolytics
- too many P waves
- Torsades
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- Toxicologic Emergencies
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- TP segment
- Transient STEMI
- Tremor artifact
- trifascicular block
- Trigeminy
- Troponin
- TWI
- Type A Wellens
- Type B Wellens
- U-waves
- unifascicular
- unstable bradycardia
- unstable tachyarrhythmia
- unstable tachycardia
- Upright T waves in V1
- V1
- v1-v2 placed too high
- V1/V2
- vasospasm
- Ventricular aneurysm
- Ventricular dysrhythmias
- ventricular escape rhythms
- Ventricular fibrillation
- ventricular fibrillation mimics
- Ventricular Flutter
- Ventricular rhythm
- Ventricular rhythms
- Ventricular Tachycardia
- Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)
- Ventricular tachycardia mimics
- Ventricular tachycardia vs. SVT with aberrant conduction
- Ventricular Tachycardiak
- VF
- voltage
- VT
- VT mimics
- w Voltage
- waveforms
- waves
- WCT
- Wellens
- Wellens waves
- Wellens’ syndrome
- wide complex irregular tachycardia
- Wide complex QRS
- wide complex regular tachycardia
- Wide complex tachycardia
- Wide QRS
- wide qrs bradycardia
- Wide QRS interval
- wide vs. narrow QRS
- Wolff Parkinson White
- WPW
- wpw syndrome
- WPW syndrome and Pseudo-MI patterns
- WPW vs STEMI
- WPW with Antidromic SVT
- WPW with atrial fibrillation
- WPW with Orthodromic SVT
- WPW with SVT
- Young patients
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