ECG Interpretation
Results:
Fusion Beats
Key Points Definition: A fusion beat occurs when two impulses — one from the normal conduction system (typically supraventricular) and one from an ectopic ventricular focus (e.g., during VT) —…
QRS Morphology & Proportionality
Key Points QRS Morphology Reflects Conduction Pathways: The shape and width of the QRS complex help differentiate between normal conduction, conduction delays, and ventricular-origin rhythms. QRS–T Wave Proportionality Signals Repolarization…
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Key Points Definition: Normal sinus rhythm (NSR) refers to the heart’s rhythm when impulses originate from the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart’s primary pacemaker. This rhythm suggests that electrical impulses…
Normal Cardiac Conduction
Key Points SA Node: Initiates electrical impulses; primary pacemaker (60–100 bpm). AV Node: Slows conduction to permit ventricular filling. Bundle of His: Transmits impulses from the AV node to ventricles;…
History of the “STAT ECG”
Key Points The ECG is a cornerstone of acute care medicine, offering immediate, non-invasive insight into cardiac function in critically ill patients. Its evolution spans over a century, from rudimentary…
Computer Interpreted “Normal” ECGs
Key Points Do not fully trust computer interpretations of “normal” ECGs, they may miss significant abnormalities. Computer algorithms can miss early ischemic signs such as reciprocal changes in aVL and…
Pseudonormalization of T Waves
Key Points Definition: Pseudonormalization is the apparent normalization of previously inverted T waves, often signaling reocclusion of a coronary artery that had recently reperfused. Mechanism: During reperfusion, ischemic T wave…
Escape-Capture Bigeminy
Key Points Escape-capture bigeminy is a unique rhythm characterized by alternating escape beats and normally conducted sinus beats, resulting in a bigeminal (paired) rhythm pattern. It typically occurs in patients…
Right Atrial Enlargement (RAE)
Key Points Definition: Right atrial enlargement (RAE) is an increase in the size of the right atrium, typically resulting from chronic pressure or volume overload, commonly related to cardiac or…
Short QT Syndrome
Key Points Short QT Syndrome (SQTS) is a rare condition characterized by a shortened QT interval on the ECG, increasing the risk of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, including sudden cardiac…
Sinoatrial Exit Block
Key Points Definition: SA exit block occurs when the sinus node generates impulses that are blocked before they can activate the right atrium, leading to dropped P waves on the…
Unifasicular Block
Key Points Definition: Unifascicular block refers to conduction delay or interruption in a single fascicle of the ventricular conduction system: the right bundle branch (RBB), left anterior fascicle (LAF), or…
QRS Voltage: Basics
Key Points Definition: QRS voltage represents the amplitude (height) of the QRS complex on ECG, reflecting ventricular electrical activity during depolarization. High Voltage: Increased QRS voltage typically indicates ventricular hypertrophy—most…
QRS Fragmentation (fQRS)
Key Points Definition: QRS fragmentation (fQRS) refers to the presence of additional notches or spikes within the QRS complex, observed in at least two contiguous leads corresponding to a specific…
EMS ECGs in Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)
Key Points for EMS Providers: You are the first critical link in the chain of survival for ACS patients—your actions set the course for their care, directly impacting time to…
ECG STAT Curriculum
Why ECG Interpretation Matters Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are a cornerstone of patient evaluation and management in acute care. Rapid, accurate interpretation can mean the difference between timely intervention and missed critical…
Resources & Recommendations
ECG STAT is meant to be used at the point of care, like an ECG guru you can consult anytime to help you remember important criteria and differential diagnoses. However,…
Recommended Online ECG Resources
Life in the Fast Lane (LITFL) ECG Library Overview: The LITFL ECG Library is a comprehensive, free educational resource that covers over 100 ECG topics relevant to emergency medicine and…
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