Pericardial
Results:
Electrical Alternans
Key Points: Electrical alternans is a beat-to-beat alternation in QRS amplitude, axis, or both. It is classically associated with a large pericardial effusion and may support concern for tamponade, but…
Pericardial Effusion
Key Points: Pericardial effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. ECG may provide clues, but it is not sensitive enough to exclude effusion. Important ECG clues include…
Pericardial Tamponade
Key Points: Pericardial tamponade is a hemodynamic diagnosis, not just an ECG diagnosis. ECG may show sinus tachycardia, low-voltage QRS, and sometimes electrical alternans, but none are sensitive enough to…
Acute Pericarditis
Key Points: Acute pericarditis commonly mimics ACS clinically and on ECG, creating frequent diagnostic uncertainty in acute care. The first priority is excluding occlusion MI. Pericarditis should be considered only…
STEMI vs Acute Pericarditis: DDx
Key Points: Start by looking for STEMI, not pericarditis. The safest workflow is to actively search for occlusion MI features first, then use pericarditis features as supportive evidence. Reciprocal ST…
Low Voltage QRS: DDx
Key Points: Definition: Low voltage QRS complexes reflect decreased myocardial electrical amplitude on ECG. Sensitive Definition (Preferred): Limb leads (I + II + III) sum < 15 mm OR precordial…
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