Key Points: Rare, high-risk rhythm. 1:1 flutter can drive ventricular rates into the 240–320 bpm range and can rapidly cause hypotension, ischemia, or collapse. It often mimics VT. Ask “how…
Key Points: AVNRT is a paroxysmal, regular, usually narrow-complex SVT caused by a reentry circuit within or adjacent to the AV node. Dual-pathway physiology is typical. Bedside hallmark is a…
Key Points Definition: Wide complex tachycardia (WCT) = QRS >120 ms with a steady R-R interval. This section focuses on regular WCT (RWCT). Wide & irregular rhythms are covered separately…
Key Points: Definition: A regularly irregular rhythm occurs when the distance between R-R intervals or P-P intervals varies in a consistent, repeating pattern throughout the ECG tracing. Significance: Determining the…
Key Points Rhythm Regularity: Regular rhythm is characterized by equal distances between consecutive P waves (P-P intervals) and QRS complexes (R-R intervals). Verify rhythms with calipers—don’t trust the machine interpretation…
Key Points Mechanism: Atrial flutter results from a macro re-entry circuit typically located within the right atrium, causing rapid and regular atrial activation (~300 bpm commonly). ECG Appearance: Classic “saw-tooth”…
Key Points Narrow regular tachycardia = QRS <120 ms with a steady R–R interval. The big three DDx: sinus tachycardia, SVT (AVNRT/AVRT/junctional), and atrial flutter with fixed AV conduction (commonly…