Structural
Results:
Yamaguchi Pattern: Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (ApHCM)
Key Points Definition and mechanics: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy variant with maximal hypertrophy at the LV apex (apical HCM, ApHCM). LVOT is often not obstructed at rest; some patients have mid-ventricular obstruction…
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH)
Key Points Definition: Chronic pressure/volume overload → thickened RV (pulm HTN, congenital lesions, pulmonary disease). ECG signature: Rightward axis, dominant R in V1, deep S in V5–V6, with possible right-sided…
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
Key Points Pathophysiology: Chronic pressure overload thickens the LV wall. Expect prolonged depolarization vectors and delayed repolarization that produce characteristic ECG voltage and ST-T changes. ECG signature: High precordial voltages,…
LV Aneurysm vs STEMI: DDx
Key Points Left Ventricular Aneurysm (LVA): Causes persistent ST elevation lasting more than 2 weeks post-MI, typically seen in the anterior leads but can also affect the inferior leads. Occurs…
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